Los sojeros ¿son el campo?
9 marzo, 2020El Gobierno Nacional anunció un aumento del 10 porciento en el pago a los derechos de exportación. La medida incluye a los productores sojeros de mayor envergadura. La Mesa de Enlace anunció un lockout patronal de 4 días para la semana que viene.
La clase dominante argentina en concordancia con los intereses de grupos económicos multinacionales, hace pesar la concentración de poder que tiene sobre la monopolización en la producción de alimentos.
El Ministerio de Agricultura anunció la suba de 30 a 33 porciento para los productores de soja que operan por encima de 1000 toneladas anuales. La medida alcanza al 26 porciento de los productores mientras que el 74 restante no recibirá aumento en la alícuota o inclusive recibirá compensaciones que favorecerán su realidad productiva. Sin embargo, la presencia amenazante de tractores al costado de algunas rutas del interior del país- específicamente en Córdoba- fue la antesala del inicio del conflicto. En principio, el tractorazo fue protagonizado por sectores opositores a la conducción de la Mesa de Enlace que exigían medidas de fuerza concretas. Vale recordar que el Ejecutivo Nacional ya tenía en sus manos el aumento de los aranceles que está incluido en la Ley de Solidaridad aprobada en diciembre pasado por el Poder Legislativo en su conjunto.
La sociedad argentina difícilmente pueda desarrollar su industria con una clase dominante que permanentemente pone trabas al crecimiento. Esa clase parece no pensar en otra cosa que en mantener sus privilegios. Si bien el verdadero poder es el que el pueblo deposita sobre los gobiernos, estos se ven en la situación obligada de confrontar con ese poder hiper concentrado de la economía. Poder económico que fabrica un andamiaje mediático y judicial afín a los mismos intereses de clase.
Ningún productor tiene la obligación de exportar. Aquel que no esté dispuesto a pagar los derechos de exportación puede liquidar sus productos primarios hacia el interior del país. Es importante dejar claro que la denominación (retenciones) es equivocada. “Es el pago al derecho de poder exportar”.
En la actualidad 111 países a nivel global aplican algún tipo de retención a sus exportaciones, sobre un total de 194 países reconocidos por la ONU (Organización de las Naciones Unidas). El dato es aseverado por el Observatorio de Coyuntura Internacional y Política Exterior (OCIPEx).
En 1946 durante el primer gobierno de Juan Domingo Perón, se creó el Instituto Argentino de Promoción del Intercambio (IAPI). Fue un ente público gubernamental que tenía como objetivo centralizar el comercio exterior y luego distribuir recursos entre los diferentes sectores de la economía. El IAPI compraba cereales, carnes y derivados, directamente a los productores para luego exportarlos. En definitiva, hacia el interior del país tenía una relación comercial en Pesos y hacia el exterior en Dólares. El Estado siempre tiene el derecho y la obligación ética de gobernar a favor de los intereses de las mayorías sin importar el momento histórico.
A punta de pistola
A mediados del siglo XIX, en el territorio que hoy pertenece al interior de la provincia de Buenos Aires, nació una clase social dominante terrateniente conformada por las principales familias patricias. Durante la Guerra de la Independencia y en los diversos procesos conocidos como campaña del desierto, fueron adquiriendo formidables extensiones de tierras de manera compulsiva. En ese momento de la historia se gesta en el país el concepto de terrateniente. Aquella oligarquía financió al ejército liberal. La masacre de pueblos originarios enteros entre 1880 y 1916 formalizó las apropiaciones de las tierras que hoy explotan económicamente colocando entre la espada y la pared a los propios gobiernos.
En los últimos cuatro años, durante el gobierno de Macri, los sectores que hoy protesta por las medidas tomadas por Alberto Fernández al frente del Estado, obtuvieron márgenes de ganancias que llegaron a un 870 porciento. Tres veces por encima de la inflación.
Correlación de fuerzas, incidencia sobre la sociedad
En esta nueva edición del conflicto entre el Estado nacional y el sector Agroexportador concentrado, estará por verse si la sociedad se muestra permeable a ubicarse en defensa de dichos sectores de la Economía que condicionan los precios de los alimentos en detrimento de sus propios intereses, o realmente se consolida entre los sectores populares en general y trabajadores en particular, una verdadera conciencia de clase.
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